
The intricacies of the cyber-espionage campaign unleashed by Chinese state-linked actors illustrate the sophistication of modern threats. This complex operation began in September 2023 and involves Operational Relay Boxes (ORBs), which are formed using more than 1,000 compromised small office/home office (SOHO) devices worldwide, such as routers and IoT endpoints. A key feature of this campaign is the creation of